remote access authentication stores information about users and applications

Abstract A method for remote user authentication is proposed that requires only public information to be stored at the verifying host. Like the S/KEY scheme, the new technique uses only symmetric cryptography and is resistant to eavesdropping, but, unlike S/KEY, it is resistant to host impersonation attacks.

Full Answer

What is authentication and authorization for remote access authentication?

Authentication and Authorization for Remote Access Authenticationis a way to restrict access to specific users when these users access a remote machine. Authentication can be set up at both the machine level and the network level.

What is the use of authentication?

Authentication is a way to restrict access to specific users when these users access a remote machine. Authentication can be set up at both the machine level and the network level.

What is remote access security?

Remote access security solutions allow organizations to safely extend business applications and services to teleworkers and nomadic users without impairing user experience or productivity.

What is the credential store?

The credential store, sometimes called the user store or the authentication store, is where the actual user credentials are stored. Two main types of authentication stores are being used with IdPs today: databases and directory stores.

What is remote user authentication?

Remote user authentication is a mechanism in which the remote server verifies the legitimacy of a user over an insecure communication channel.

Which are the 3 ways of authenticating user identity?

There are three common factors used for authentication: Something you know (such as a password) Something you have (such as a smart card) Something you are (such as a fingerprint or other biometric method)

What are the 3 types of authentication?

The three authentication factors are: Knowledge Factor – something you know, e.g., password. Possession Factor – something you have, e.g., mobile phone. Inherence Factor – something you are, e.g., fingerprint.

What is an authentication process what are its applications?

The Application Authentication dialog allows users to enter their credentials and store them in the application server password cache so that they are not prompted when they next run an application on that application server.

What are the types of user authentication?

5 Common Authentication TypesPassword-based authentication. Passwords are the most common methods of authentication. ... Multi-factor authentication. ... Certificate-based authentication. ... Biometric authentication. ... Token-based authentication.

What are the 4 general forms of authentication?

Four-factor authentication (4FA) is the use of four types of identity-confirming credentials, typically categorized as knowledge, possession, inherence and location factors.

What are the 5 factors of authentication?

The five main authentication factor categories are knowledge factors, possession factors, inherence factors, location factors, and behavior factors.

What are the different types of authentication technique?

What are the types of authentication?Single-Factor/Primary Authentication. ... Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) ... Single Sign-On (SSO) ... Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) ... Password Authentication Protocol (PAP) ... Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) ... Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP)

What are the types of two-factor authentication?

There are various ways to protect accounts via two-factor authentication: biometrics, one-time passwords, verification codes, QR codes, hardware tokens, and other methods all add another layer of security.

Why do we need authentication for applications?

Authentication is used by a server when the server needs to know exactly who is accessing their information or site. Authentication is used by a client when the client needs to know that the server is system it claims to be. In authentication, the user or computer has to prove its identity to the server or client.

How do you authenticate with your applications?

Different ways to Authenticate a Web ApplicationCookie-Based authentication.Token-Based authentication.Third party access(OAuth, API-token)OpenId.SAML.

What is the purpose of authentication?

Authentication is the process of determining whether someone or something is, in fact, who or what it says it is. Authentication technology provides access control for systems by checking to see if a user's credentials match the credentials in a database of authorized users or in a data authentication server.

What are the four means of authenticating a user's identity?

There are four general means of authenticating a user's identity, which can be used alone or in combination: Something the individual knows: Examples includes a password, a personal identification number (PIN), or answers to a prearranged set of questions.

What are the types of authorization?

There are four types of Authorization – API keys, Basic Auth, HMAC, and OAuth.

What is the most common form of authentication?

Password - The use of a user name and password provides the most common form of authentication.

Which of the following is an authentication method?

Passwords, smart cards, digital certificates, Kerberos, and biometrics are among the many authentication methods currently employed.

What is remote login?

The remote login commands enable users to log in to a remote machine over the network and use its resources. The remote login commands are rlogin, rcp, ftp. If you are a “trusted host,” authentication is automatic. Otherwise, you are asked to authenticate yourself.

Which service can provide both authentication and authorization at the network level?

The LDAP directory service and the NIS+ name service can provide both authentication and authorization at the network level.

What encryption does Kerberos use?

Kerberos uses DES encryption to authenticate a user when logging in to the system.

Multi-Factor Authentication

MFA functionality helps businesses defend against credential theft and user impersonation by positively confirming a user’s identity.

Adaptive Authentication

The latest remote access security solutions support adaptive authentication to optimize user experience and satisfaction.

Single Sign-On

Single Sign-On functionality allows remote users to access multiple applications and systems using a common set of usernames and passwords. SSO boosts user satisfaction by preventing password fatigue and mitigates risk by eliminating unsecure user behaviors like writing passwords on sticky notes or using a single password for many applications.

Securing Remote Access by Third-Party Vendors

Many businesses rely on third-party vendors to manage their IT infrastructure and applications. These external service organizations need remote privileged access to corporate IT systems to maintain and update them.

What is user authentication?

User authentication is the basis for most types of access control and for user accountability. RFC 2828 defines user authentication as shown on the following page.

How many ways are there to authenticate a user's identity?

There are four general means of authenticating a user’s identity, which can be used alone or in combination:

Why should timestamps not be used for connection-oriented applications?

It can be argued (e.g., [LAM92a]) that the timestamp approach should not be used for connection-oriented applications because of the inherent difficulties with this technique. First, some sort of protocol is needed to maintain synchronization among the various processor clocks. This protocol must be both fault tolerant, to cope with network errors, and secure, to cope with hostile attacks. Second, the oppor- tunity for a successful attack will arise if there is a temporary loss of synchronization resulting from a fault in the clock mechanism of one of the parties. Finally, because of the variable and unpredictable nature of network delays, distributed clocks cannot be expected to maintain precise synchronization. Therefore, any timestamp-based procedure must allow for a window of time sufficiently large to accommodate net- work delays yet sufficiently small to minimize the opportunity for attack.

Why are sequence numbers not used in authentication?

The difficulty with this approach is that it requires each party to keep track of the last sequence number for each claimant it has dealt with. Because of this overhead, sequence numbers are generally not used for authentication and key exchange. Instead, one of the following two general approaches is used:

What are the issues with authenticated key exchange?

Central to the problem of authenticated key exchange are two issues: confiden- tiality and timeliness. To prevent masquerade and to prevent compromise of session keys, essential identification and session-key information must be communicated in encrypted form.

What are the problems with biometric authentication?

With respect to biometric authenticators, there are a variety of problems, including dealing with false positives and false negatives, user acceptance, cost, and convenience. For network-based user authentication, the most important methods involve cryptographic keys and some- thing the individual knows, such as a password.

Is challenge response a con nectionless application?

On the other hand, the challenge-response approach is unsuitable for a con- nectionless type of application, because it requires the overhead of a handshake before any connectionless transmission, effectively negating the chief characteristic of a connectionless transaction. For such applications, reliance on some sort of secure time server and a consistent attempt by each party to keep its clocks in syn- chronization may be the best approach (e.g., [LAM92b]).

What is the credential store?

The credential store, sometimes called the user store or the authentication store, is where the actual user credentials are stored. There are two main types of authentication stores being used with IdPs today: databases and directory stores. In general, with databases, credentials are stored in proprietary tables created by ...

Where are user credentials stored?

Two main types of authentication stores are being used with IdPs today: databases and directory stores. In general, with databases, credentials are stored in proprietary tables created by the user management application. One of the reasons databases are often chosen as credential stores is because a majority of developers have experience coding against a database, so it’s relatively easy for them to write code to authenticate users. Directory stores include Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) stores and Active Directory (AD) implementations. LDAP provides a simple standards-based approach to accessing information from the credential store. Active Directory is Microsoft’s domain-based approach to LDAP. Using an AD credential store generally requires that you use proprietary access methods. Many cloud service providers are now offering the option to use your internal credential store instead of their third-party store. This way, users don’t have to remember multiple sets of credentials.

What Is Federated Identity?

The credential store, sometimes called the user store or the authentication store, is where the actual user credentials are stored. There are two main types of authentication stores being used with IdPs today: databases and directory stores. In general, with databases, credentials are stored in proprietary tables created by the user management application. One of the reasons databases are often chosen as credential stores is because a majority of developers have experience coding against a database, so it’s relatively easy for them to create code to authenticate users against one. Directory stores include LDAP stores and Active Directory implementations. LDAP is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. It provides for a simple standards-based approach to accessing information from the credential store. Active Directory is Microsoft’s domain-based approach to LDAP. Using an Active Directory credential store generally requires that you use approved proprietary access methods.

What is a domain controller?

Domain controllers (DCs) in the Windows Server 2003 Active Directory network manage user logon and authentication, store directory data, and are accessed for directory searches. A copy of the Active Directory database resides on each DC, and when you create the first DC for your network by installing Active Directory, this process creates your first forest, domain, and site.

What is LDAP in Microsoft?

LDAP is the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol. It provides for a simple standards-based approach to accessing information from the credential store. Active Directory is Microsoft’s domain-based approach to LDAP. Using an Active Directory credential store generally requires that you use approved proprietary access methods.

Why are databases used as credential stores?

One of the reasons databases are often chosen as credential stores is because a majority of developers have experience coding against a database, so it’s relatively easy for them to create code to authenticate users against one. Directory stores include LDAP stores and Active Directory implementations.

Can you use an AD credential store?

Using an AD credential store generally requires that you use proprietary access methods. Many cloud service providers are now offering the option to use your internal credential store instead of their third-party store. This way, users don’t have to remember multiple sets of credentials.

What is the authenticating target of a domain?

In the case of a domain-joined computer, the authenticating target is the domain controller. The credentials used in authentication are digital documents that associate the user's identity to some form of proof of authenticity, such as a certificate, a password, or a PIN.

Where are credentials stored?

Credentials are saved in special encrypted folders on the computer under the user's profile. Applications that support this feature (through the use of the Credential Manager APIs), such as web browsers and apps, can present the correct credentials to other computers and websites during the logon process.

What is Winlogon session 0?

The instances of Winlogon for an interactive logon run in Session 0. Session 0 hosts system services and other critical processes, including the Local Security Authority (LSA) process.

How does Winlogon logon work?

With the credential provider architecture, Winlogon always starts Logon UI after it receives a secure attention sequence event. Logon UI queries each credential provider for the number of different credential types the provider is configured to enumerate. Credential providers have the option of specifying one of these tiles as the default. After all providers have enumerated their tiles, Logon UI displays them to the user. The user interacts with a tile to supply their credentials. Logon UI submits these credentials for authentication.

How does trusting work?

Trusts help to provide controlled access to shared resources in a resource domain (the trusting domain) by verifying that incoming authentication requests come from a trusted authority (the trusted domain). In this way, trusts act as bridges that let only validated authentication requests travel between domains.

How does a client computer participate in a network domain?

For example, client computers running a Windows operating system participate in a network domain by communicating with a domain controller even when no human user is logged on. To initiate communications, the computer must have an active account in the domain. Before accepting communications from the computer, the LSA on the domain controller authenticates the computer's identity and then constructs the computer's security context just as it does for a human security principal. This security context defines the identity and capabilities of a user or service on a particular computer or a user, service, or computer on a network. For example, the access token contained within the security context defines the resources (such as a file share or printer) that can be accessed and the actions (such as Read, Write, or Modify) that can be performed by that principal - a user, computer, or service on that resource.

What is a SAM?

The Security Accounts Manager (SAM), which stores local security accounts, enforces locally stored policies and supports APIs. Registry. The Registry contains a copy of the SAM database, local security policy settings, default security values, and account information that is only accessible to the system.

What is SAML authentication?

SAML ( Security Assertion Markup Language) is an open standard used by identity and authentication products such as Microsoft AD FS (Active Directory Federation Services). With the integration of SAML authentication through StoreFront, administrators can allow users to, for example, log on once to their corporate network and then get single sign-on to their published apps.

How to enable smart card authentication in Citrix?

You can enable smart card authentication to Citrix Receiver for Web from the StoreFront Administration Console. Select the Citrix Receiver for Web node in the left panel. Select the site you want to use smart card authentication. Select the Choose Authentication Methods task in the right panel.

How many login prompts can you get on a VDA?

In the case of devices on the local network, the minimum number of logon prompts that users can receive is two . When users authenticate to StoreFront or initially create the store, they are prompted for the smart card PIN. With the appropriate configuration in place, users are prompted to enter their PINs again only when they access their desktops and applications. To achieve this, you enable smart card authentication to StoreFront and install smart card drivers on the VDA.

What is NetScaler Gateway security token?

Security token. Users log on to NetScaler Gateway using passcodes that are derived from tokencodes generated by security tokens combined, in some cases, with personal identification numbers. If you enable pass-through authentication by security token only, ensure that the resources you make available do not require additional or alternative forms of authentication, such as users’ Microsoft Active Directory domain credentials.

How does Citrix lock work?

Users log on to their devices using their smart cards and PINs. The Citrix Desktop Lock then silently authenticates users to StoreFront through the Xen App Services URL . Users are automatically authenticated when they access their desktops and applications, and are not prompted for their PINs again.

Why use smart card authentication?

Use smart card authentication to streamline the logon process for your users while also enhancing the security of user access to your infrastructure. Access to the internal corporate network is protected by certificate-based two-factor authentication using public key infrastructure. Private keys are protected by hardware controls and never leave the smart card. Your users get the convenience of accessing their desktops and applications from a range of corporate devices using their smart cards and PINs.

What is Citrix Desktop Lock?

The Citrix Desktop Lock is required on the appliance and Internet Explorer must be used to access the Desktop Appliance site.

Multi-Factor Authentication

Adaptive Authentication

Single Sign-On

• Single Sign-Onfunctionality allows remote users to access multiple applications and systems using a common set of usernames and passwords. SSO boosts user satisfaction by preventing password fatigue and mitigates risk by eliminating unsecure user behaviors like writing passwords on sticky notes or using a single password for many applications.

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